When it comes to treating Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Adderall is not just one of the most commonly prescribed medications, it is also one of the most effective. Specifically, Adderall helps improve focus, reduce impulsivity, and enhance attention.

While many people may be familiar with Adderall, they may not know that Adderall comes in different forms: Adderall XR (Extended Release) and Adderall IR (Immediate Release). Understanding the difference between Adderall XR vs Adderall IR can help in making sure that the right dosage and form are administered.

In this blog, we’ll explore what Adderall is, the distinctions between its two primary formulations, their effectiveness, potential side effects, and considerations for choosing the right version. Additionally, we will discuss the risks associated with Adderall use, strategies for safe medication management, and options for treatment if Adderall misuse becomes a concern.

What is Adderall?

Before we get more into the different forms of Adderall, let’s first take a deeper look at the drug as a whole.

Adderall is a prescription stimulant that is comprised of a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. When combined, these ingredients help increase the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as dopamine. By increasing these levels, it allows the person taking it to have better focus, attention, and impulse control.

While Adderall has proven to be highly effective in treating those with ADD and ADHD, as a stimulant it comes with the risk of dependency, abuse, and addiction especially when taken in ways other than medically directed. Even when taken only as medically directed, Adderall still comes with risks of dependency and addiction.

Understanding the Two Major Forms of Adderall

As we touched on in the intro, Adderall is made in two different forms: Adderall XR (Extended Release) and Adderall IR (Immediate Release). While both forms are Adderall, they each serve a different purpose and affect how the medication is absorbed and processed.

So, on that note, let’s take a deeper look at both Adderall XR and IR:

Adderall XR vs Adderall IR

As the names of each imply, the biggest difference between the two is the speed at which they are absorbed into the bloodstream. Adderall IR is designed for rapid absorption, delivering the full dose within a short period, while Adderall XR is formulated to release the medication gradually over time, providing extended effects.

Beyond just that, here are some of the other differences and key features of both Adderall XR and Adderall IR:

Dosage Information: Adderall IR vs. XR

Figuring out the proper dosage of Adderall depends on several different factors such as age, severity of the symptoms, and response to treatment. That being said, here are the typical dosing guidelines for both Adderall IR and XR:

• Adderall IR – Usually prescribed in doses ranging from 5 mg to 30 mg, taken 1 to 3 times per day.
• Adderall XR – Available in doses ranging from 5 mg to 30 mg, taken once daily in the morning.

Since Adderall IR requires taking the drug multiple times a day, sticking to a strict schedule and dosage is crucial for not just safety purposes but also effectiveness purposes as well. Taking higher doses or taking it more times in a day than prescribed can not only hurt the effectiveness of the drug overall, but it can also increase the risk of dependence and addiction.

Methods of Administration: Adderall XR vs IR

Both Adderall XR and Adderall IR come in swallowable form. Adderall XR typically comes in a capsule while Adderall IR is typically administered in tablet form.

For those who may have trouble swallowing pills, or for younger children who may not like the idea of swallowing a pill, Adderall IR tablets can be crushed and mixed in with food or drinks.

However, due to the makeup of Adderall XR and the beads that slowly release the medication over time, Adderall XR capsules can not be crushed. If someone taking Adderall XR can’t swallow the capsule, the capsule can be broken open and the beads can be sprinkled on top of a soft food such as applesauce. If Adderall XR is administered this way it is crucial that both the mixture be eaten immediately and the beads are not crushed or chewed.

Effectiveness and Duration in Adderall XR vs IR

Both Adderall IR and XR are effective in managing ADHD symptoms. However, their effectiveness depends on individual needs.

Adderall XR is preferable for all-day symptom control, making it ideal for school or work settings. Adderall IR, on the other hand, provides short-term symptom relief and is often used when immediate effects are needed or when adjusting doses.

Side Effects of Adderall Use and Misuse

As a stimulant, Adderall comes with a variety of possible side effects even when used as medically directed. These side effects can range from mild to severe, some of which even require medical attention.

Common Side Effects of Adderall XR and IR

Some of the more common side effects of both Adderall XR and Adderall IR include:

• Loss of appetite
• Insomnia
• Dry mouth
• Increased heart rate
• Anxiety or nervousness
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Digestive issues, including nausea and stomach pain

As is the case with any prescription drug, any side effects you experience should be communicated with either your primary physician or the medical professional who prescribed you Adderall. In some instances, certain side effects may be able to be reduced or even eliminated with a dosage adjustment. In other instances though, additional medications may be needed to address any of the more long-lasting or severe side effects.